about history of rice? and Frêne

about history of rice?

can you please hellp me with my hw? sinnce im from korea, if you dont understand me, i sorry.

1. write about history of rice

2. write where rice is produced

3. write where rice is consumed

4. write how rice grows

5. write what kind of environment rice grows in

6, write about other uses of rice besides food.

THANK YOU SO MUCH


inflorescence best answer:

Answer by Les
History of domestication & cultivation

Asia
Genetics shows that rice was first domesticated in the region of the Yangtze river valley.[14]

Africa
African rice has been cultivated for 3500 years. Between 1700 and 800 BC, O. glaberrima propagated from its original centre, the Niger River delta, and extended to Senegal. However, it never developed far from its original region

Middle East
According to Zohary and Hopf (2000, p. 91), O. sativa was introduced to the Middle East in Hellenistic times, and was familiar to both Greek and Roman writers

Europe
The Moors brought Asiatic rice to the Iberian Peninsula in the tenth century

Production
World production of rice[29] has risen steadily from about 200 million tonnes of paddy rice in 1960 to 600 million tonnes in 2004. Milled rice is about 68% of paddy rice by weight. In the year 2004, the top four producers were China (26% of world production), India (20%), Indonesia (9%) and Bangladesh (5%).

World trade figures are very different, as only about 5–6% of rice produced is traded internationally. The largest three exporting countries are Thailand, Vietnam, and the United States. Major importers usually include Indonesia, Bangladesh, the Philippines, Brazil and some of the Persian Gulf countries. Although China and India are the top two largest producers of rice in the world, both countries consume the majority of the rice produced domestically leaving little to be traded internationally

Consumption:

Consumption of rice by country—2003/2004
(million metric ton)[33]
China 135
India 125
Indonesia 37
Bangladesh 26
Brazil 24
Vietnam 18
Thailand 10
Myanmar 10
Philippines 9.7
Japan 8.7
Mexico 7.3
South Korea 5.0
United States 3.9
Egypt 3.9
Malaysia 2.7
Source:
United States Department of Agriculture

Between 1961 and 2002, per capita consumption of rice increased by 40%.

How rice is grown:

Rice is normally grown as an annual plant, although in tropical areas it can survive as a perennial and can produce a ratoon crop for up to 20 years.[6] The rice plant can grow to 1–1.8 m tall, occasionally more depending on the variety and soil fertility. The grass has long, slender leaves 50–100 cm long and 2–2.5 cm broad. The small wind-pollinated flowers are produced in a branched arching to pendulous inflorescence 30–50 cm long. The edible seed is a grain (caryopsis) 5–12 mm long and 2–3 mm thick.

Rice cultivation is well-suited to countries and regions with low labor costs and high rainfall, as it is very labor-intensive to cultivate and requires plenty of water for cultivation. Rice can be grown practically anywhere, even on a steep hill or mountain. Although its parent species are native to South Asia and certain parts of Africa, centuries of trade and exportation have made it commonplace in many cultures worldwide.

The traditional method for cultivating rice is flooding the fields while, or after, setting the young seedlings. This simple method requires sound planning and servicing of the water damming and channeling, but reduces the growth of less robust weed and pest plants that have no submerged growth state, and deters vermin. While with rice growing and cultivation the flooding is not mandatory, all other methods of irrigation require higher effort in weed and pest control during growth periods and a different approach for fertilizing the soil.

[Rice growing ecology

Rice can be grown in different ecologies, depending upon water availability.[12]

Lowland, rainfed, which is drought prone, favors medium depth; waterlogged, submergence, and flood prone
Lowland, irrigated, grown in both the wet season and the dry season
Deep water or floating rice
Coastal Wetland
Upland rice, Upland rice is also known as 'Ghaiya rice', well known for its drought tolerance[

Other uses:
Rice as fuel as in car fuel:
Japanese Rice Ethanol Plant to Start 2009.
Using rice husks (chaff) to generate electricity in rural India

inflorescence

Frêne


Je n'avais jusqu'alors pas remarqué la curieuse inflorescence du frêne...

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